[001] Heartbeat pumping (GB#103A01) | 基礎医学教育研究会(KIKKEN)Lab

2012-09-12 3:09 PM | circulation | muscle contraction

heartbeat pumping

TOYOSEI-SHUSHUKU?

The point of working as a pump of the heart is the pressure of the atrium, the ventricle and the artery and the valve movement. Blood can not leave the ventricle until the ventricular blood pressure is higher than the exit arterial blood pressure.
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Contents

1 ●cardiac cycle
2 ●When all four valves are closed, it is in the isovolumetric phase
3 ○Referenced sites
4 ○Related articles
5 ○Referenced Books

●cardiac cycle

In physiology textbooks (of Japan), they teach the following flow.
Filling phase ⇒ isovolumetric contraction phase ⇒ Ejection phase ⇒ isovolumetric relaxation phase ⇒ Filling phase.

The period from the filling period to before the next filling period is defined as a cardiac cycle.
(When divided finely, “atrial systole” enters between filling phase and isovolumetric contraction phase.In filling phase and subsequent atrial systole phase, valve opening and closing and blood movement remain the same and it is a series of flows, so here It does not distinguish.)
In terms that can not be heard like “isovolumetric contraction” or “isovolumetric relaxation”, the phenomenon is too instantaneous, so it seems to be hard for students to pick up.

●When all four valves are closed, it is in the isovolumetric phase

At the beginning of the cardiac cycle, the atrio ventricular valve opens and blood flows from the atrium into the ventricle.
This time is filling period (of the ventricle).
When the blood is sufficiently collected in the ventricle, the ventricular muscle begins to contract.
The sudden increase in the pressure which has been loose so far, it is likely that blood will flow back into the atrium
The atrioventricular valve is pushed back at once and closed. At this time, a sound is heard.
It is I heart sound. It seems to be the vibration that occurs when the leaflets collide when closing.
It corresponds to “dok” of Dokkun, Dokkun.
The internal pressure of the artery is higher than the pressure inside the ventricle.
As both the atrioventricular valve and the arterial valve are closed, there is no blood flow in and out of the ventricle.
Although there is no change in the blood volume, the pressure in the ventricle rises sharply due to muscle contraction.
This short time zone is “isovolumic systole.”

heartbeat pumping

At the moment the pressure in the ventricle exceeds the arterial pressure, blood is expelled to the artery,
“Ejection period” will be.
At the moment when the ventricular pressure loses arterial pressure, the arterial valve closes and the stroke ends.
And, at this time, there is a sound. It is “the second heart sound”.
It corresponds to “Kun” of Dokkin, Dokkun.
When I heard the second heart sound, the ventricle has just squeezed out the blood
Because there is pressure in the ventricle, atrioventricular valve which is a passage from atrium to ventricle is not opened.
Since the arterial valve and the atrioventricular valve are both closed, there is no blood inlet / outlet anywhere, the amount of blood in the ventricle does not change, but the ventricular muscles become loose and the pressure becomes low
It is called isovolumic diastole.

heartbeat pumping

After a momentary isovolumic diastole, the atrioventricular valve opens, entering a new filling phase, repeating the same way.

If you keep watching animation briefly, it may seem that way. . .

In the animation, the right atrium ⇒ right ventricle ⇒ pulmonary circulatory system of the pulmonary artery is omitted.

・isovolumetric contraction (phase)
・isovolumetric relaxation (phase)

While the heart is pumping blood, the blood does not turn to the heart itself. The blood vessels in the heart have collapsed. Blood circulates to the heart, while the heart muscle itself is loose, blood pressure left in the aorta sends blood to the heart.

By the way, it is said that the volume of blood delivered from one adult ‘s heart at rest is about 70 to 80 ml. Although the amount per minute is 5 liters at rest, it is said that up to about 25 liters per minute at the time of activation of anxiety.